Postman And Phillips Serial Position Effect And Recall

Topics:Serial position effect, LearningPages: 2 (782 words)Published: June 21, 2011
Effect
ERA: ‘The influence of delay and no delay on serial position effects in the recall of children’s names’ The aim of this experiment is to investigate whether the serial position effects in the recall of children’s names are influenced by a delay or no delay after learning the names. Four participants were each given a list of 15 names to memorize for one minute. Two participants were condition 1 (no delay) and the other two were condition 2 (delay). Condition 1 was required to recall all the names they could remember on a sheet of paper as condition 2 was required to count backwards by 3’s from 100 for 30 seconds, then recall the names on a sheet of paper. The hypothesis that participants who have no delay following learning 15 names will have superior recall at the start of the list was supported by the results showing condition 1 was able to remember more names at the start of the list. The hypothesis that participants who have a delay after learning 15 names will have a serial position effect, where recall is superior for the first and last names on the list, was supported by the results showing condition 2 is able to recall more names at the beginning and end of the list than names in the middle. Memory is an organism’s ability to store, retain and recall information. STM is stored and retrieved sequentially. LTM is stored and retrieved by association. SM has a large capacity but very short duration, no more than 2 seconds. The Atkinson-Shiffrin processing model shows that attention is needed to transfer in from SM to STM and rehearsal is needed to transfer info from STM to LTM. The serial position effect refers to the finding that recall accuracy varies as a function of an items position within a list. Recall is superior for the last items, then for items at the beginning of the list. The serial position effect resulting in superior recall of items at the end of the list is known as the recency effect. The primacy effect refers to the serial position effect...

Recency Effect

  1. A variety of different memory tasks have revealed that not all items in a list were equally likely to be remembered. For instance, a very common method used to study memory was the free recall experiment.
  2. Postman and Phillips 1965) The Serial Position effect. After learning 15 names will have a serial position effect, where recall is superior for the.
Postman And Phillips Serial Position Effect And Recall

Serial Position Effect Examples

Serial

Proactive Interference

The recency effect disappears while the primacy effect remains (Postman & Phillips. Serial position effects. Serial position curve for the final recall.